Quarterly Market Update

Last quarter highlights, closing
performance,
market indicators
and the quarter ahead.

CITI WEALTH BUILDER

Quarterly Market Update

Q1 2025

The first quarter of 2025 was marked by a mix optimism and caution across global markets, as investors navigated through shifting economic dynamics, central bank policy decisions, and geopolitical headwinds around US tariffs on foreign goods. US stocks had a strong start to the ...

CITI WEALTH BUILDER

Quarterly Market Update

Q4 2024

The US presential election took place on November 5th, however markets began to lean in favor of the Republican nominee, Donald Trump, during the month of October.

CITI WEALTH BUILDER

Quarterly Market Update

Q3 2024 - Q4 2024

Following five consecutive monthly decreases in CPI data, US inflation continued to see meaningful progress with the August CPI print registering a 2.5% YoY increase, the smallest annual increase since February 2021.

CITI WEALTH BUILDER

Quarterly Market Update

Q2 2024 - Q3 2024

In Q2 2024, both stock and bond markets suffered a rough start against the backdrop of stubborn inflation that dimmed the probability of two Federal Reserve interest rate cuts that the market had been expecting in 2024.

CITI WEALTH BUILDER

Quarterly Market Update

Q1 2024 - Q2 2024

2024 was off to a strong start as all major US equity indices reached new highs and economic growth continues to trend near long-term averages.

CITI WEALTH BUILDER

Quarterly Market Update

Q4 2023 - Q1 2024

Concerns among investors of a continued aggressive Fed stance impacted the start of Q4:2023 with pessimistic sentiment driving declines in equity and fixed income markets in October.

Important Information

An investor cannot invest directly in an index. They are shown for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the performance of any specific investment. Index returns do not include any expenses, fees or sales charges, which would lower performance.

The MSCI ACWI (All Country World Index) captures large and mid cap representation across 23 Developed Markets (DM) and 23 Emerging Markets (EM) countries. With 2,483 constituents, the index covers approximately 85% of the global investable equity opportunity set.

S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged, market value-weighted index of 500 stocks generally representative of the broad stock market. An investment cannot be made directly in a market index.

Dow Jones Industrial Average is a price-weighted index of the 30 “blue-chip” stocks and serves as a measure of the U.S. market, covering such diverse industries as financial services, technology, retail, entertainment and consumer goods. An investment cannot be made directly in a market index.

The Nasdaq composite index is a market-capitalization weighted index of more than 3,000 common equities listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. The types of securities in the index include American depositary receipts, common stocks, real estate investment trusts (REITs) and tracking stocks.

The MSCI Europe Index captures large and mid-cap representation across 15 Developed Markets (DM) countries in Europe. With 444constituents, the index covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization across the European Developed Markets equity universe.

The MSCI Japan Index is designed to measure the performance of the large and mid-cap segments of the Japanese market. With 320 constituents, the index covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in Japan.

The MSCI Emerging Markets Index reflects performance of large and mid-cap stocks in roughly 20 emerging markets.

The Citi World Broad Investment Grade Bond index is weighted by market capitalization and includes fixed rate Treasury, government sponsored, mortgage, asset backed, and investment grade (BBB–/Baa3) issues with a maturity of one year or longer and a minimum amount outstanding of $1 billion for Treasuries, $5 billion for mortgages, and $200 million for credit, asset-backed and government-sponsored issues.

The Citi U.S. Broad Investment-Grade Bond Index (USBIG) tracks the performance of US Dollar-denominated bonds issued in the US investment-grade bond market. Introduced in 1985, the index includes US Treasury, government sponsored, collateralized, and corporate debt providing a reliable representation of the US investment-grade bond market. Sub-indices are available in any combination of asset class, maturity, and rating.

The Euro Broad Investment-Grade Bond Index (EuroBIG) is a multi-asset benchmark for investment-grade, Euro-denominated fixed income bonds. Introduced in 1999, the EuroBIG includes government, government-sponsored, collateralized, and corporate debt. Sub-indices are available in any combination of asset class, maturity, and rating.

The Citi Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Index (ESBI) includes Brady bonds and US dollar-denominated emerging market sovereign debt issued in the global, Yankee and Eurodollar markets, excluding loans. It is composed of debt in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America. We classify an emerging market as a sovereign with a maximum foreign debt rating of BBB+/Baa1 by S&P or Moody's. Defaulted issues are excluded.

The US High-Yield Market Index is a US Dollar-denominated index which measures the performance of high-yield debt issued by corporations domiciled in the US or Canada. Recognized as a broad measure of the North American high-yield market, the index includes cash-pay, deferred-interest securities, and debt issued under Rule 144A in unregistered form. Sub-indices are available in any combination of industry sector, maturity, and rating.

The Weekly Market Update report should not be considered a recommendation or research report. Nor should it be considered a solicitation, advice or a recommendation with respect to any investment strategy, asset allocation or particular investment. The Weekly Market Update is not intended to constitute “research,” as that term is defined by applicable regulations. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. or its affiliates. All opinions are subject to change without notice. Neither the information provided nor any opinion expressed constitutes a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. The expressions of opinion are not intended to be a forecast of future events or a guarantee of future results.

There may be additional risk associated with international investing, including foreign, economic, political, monetary and/or legal factors, changing currency exchange rates, foreign taxes, and differences in financial and accounting standards. These risks may be magnified in emerging markets. International investing may not be for everyone.

Bonds are affected by a number of risks, including fluctuations in interest rates, credit risk and prepayment risk. In general, as prevailing interest rates rise, fixed income securities prices will fall. Bonds face credit risk if a decline in an issuer’s credit rating, or creditworthiness, causes a bond’s price to decline. High yield bonds are subject to additional risks such as increased risk of default and greater volatility because of the lower credit quality of the issues. Finally, callable bonds can be subject to prepayment risk. When interest rates fall, an issuer may choose to borrow money at a lower interest rate, while paying off its previously issued bonds. As a consequence, those investors who held the called bond will be forced to reinvest in a market where prevailing interest rates are lower than when the initial investment was made.

The market and planning commentary on this site may discuss topics that are timely to current events at the time they were written or filmed. The relevance of such topics may change at future dates.

Investments are subject to market fluctuation, investment risk, and possible loss of principal.

Diversification and asset allocation do not protect against loss or guarantee a profit. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

Please consult your Financial Advisor before making any investment decisions.

Citigroup Inc. and its affiliates do not provide tax or legal advice.

The information set forth was obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but we do not guarantee its accuracy or completeness.

These strategies do not necessarily represent the experience of other clients, nor do they indicate future performance or success. Investment results may vary. The investment strategies presented are not appropriate for every investor. Individual clients should review with their advisor the terms and conditions and risk involved with specific products or services.

Announced in January 2021, Citi Global Wealth (“CGW”) is comprised of the wealth management businesses of Citi Private Bank and Citi’s Global Consumer Bank. Through these businesses, CGW delivers Citi’s wealth solutions, products and services globally. The unified management and delivery of CGW’s wealth strategy represents a further commitment by Citi to become a leading global wealth business. Citi Global Wealth Investments (“CGWI”) is comprised of the Investments and Capital Markets capabilities of Citi Private Bank, Citi Personal Wealth Management and International Personal Bank U.S.

Citi Private Bank and Citi Personal Wealth Management are businesses of Citigroup Inc. (“Citigroup”), which provide clients access to a broad array of products and services available through bank and non-bank affiliates of Citigroup. Not all products and services are provided by all afﬁliates or are available at all locations. In the U.S., investment products and services are provided by Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (“CGMI”), member FINRA and SIPC, and Citi Private Advisory, LLC (“Citi Advisory”), member FINRA and SIPC. CGMI accounts are carried by Pershing LLC, member FINRA, NYSE, SIPC. Citi Advisory acts as distributor of certain alternative investment products to clients of Citi Private Bank. Insurance is offered by Citi Personal Wealth Management through Citigroup Life Agency LLC (“CLA”). In California, CLA does business as Citigroup Life Insurance Agency, LLC (license number 0G56746). CGMI, Citi Advisory, CLA and Citibank, N.A. are affiliated companies under the common control of Citigroup. Outside the U.S., investment products and services are provided by other Citigroup afﬁliates. Investment Management services (including portfolio management) are available through CGMI, Citi Advisory, Citibank, N.A. and other afﬁliated advisory businesses. These Citigroup affiliates, including Citi Advisory, will be compensated for the respective investment management, advisory, administrative, distribution and placement services they may provide.

International Personal Bank U.S. (“IPB U.S.”), is a business of Citigroup Inc. (“Citigroup”) which provides its clients access to a broad array of products and services available through Citigroup, its bank and non-bank affiliates worldwide (collectively, “Citi”). Through IPB U.S. prospects and clients have access to the Citigold® Private Client International, Citigold® International, International Personal, Citi Global Executive Preferred, and Citi Global Executive Account Packages.

Investment products and services are made available through either Citi Personal Wealth Management, Citi Personal Investments International (“CPII”), a business of Citigroup Inc., which offers securities through Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (“CGMI”), member FINRA and SIPC, an investment advisor and broker–dealer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. CGMI investment accounts are carried by Pershing LLC, member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC. Insurance is offered by Citi Personal Wealth Management, CPII through Citigroup Life Agency LLC (“CLA”). In California, CLA does business as Citigroup Life Insurance Agency, LLC (license number 0G56746). Citibank N.A., CGMI, CIFS, and CLA are affiliated companies under common control of Citigroup Inc.

This Communication is intended for clients of Citi Personal Wealth Management (“CPWM”) and Citi Personal Investments International(“CPII”), which are businesses of Citigroup Inc. (“Citigroup’).

The products and services mentioned in this communication are not offered to individuals’ resident in the European Union, European Economic Area, Switzerland, Guernsey, Jersey, Monaco, San Marino, Vatican and The Isle of Man. Your eligibility for a particular product and service is subject to a final determination by us. This communication is not, and should not be construed as, an offer, invitation or solicitation to buy or sell any of the products and services mentioned herein to such individuals.

Citi Personal Wealth Management is a business of Citigroup Inc., which offers investment products through Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (“CGMI”), member SIPC. Insurance products are offered through Citigroup Life Agency LLC (“CLA”). In California, CLA does business as Citigroup Life Agency LLC (license number OG56746). CGMI, CLA and Citibank, N.A. are affiliated are affiliated companies under the common control of Citigroup Inc.

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